When did NATO conduct Icelandic air policing operations?

The correct response highlights that NATO conducted Icelandic air policing operations in 2019, which reflects the organization's commitment to collective defense and security in the North Atlantic region. These operations are part of NATO's broader role in ensuring airspace safety and responding to potential threats in member countries, especially in areas that may not have substantial national air defense capabilities.

Iceland, being a member of NATO, does not have its own standing air force, so NATO conducts these missions to ensure that its airspace is monitored and protected. The year 2019 specifically marked a significant point in ongoing cooperative air defense efforts, which are crucial to maintaining regional stability.

While other years specifically mentioned in the options may be linked to various NATO operations or initiatives, it was in 2019 that Icelandic air policing operations were distinctly recognized as part of NATO’s strategic activities. This showcases NATO's adaptive approach to security, responding to evolving threats in the international environment.